Monday, March 12, 2018

The Sears Caper

The Canoga Park Sears 1964. The wrong Sears.
On the afternoon of Friday, August 8, 1969 Charles Manson sent
Mary Brunner and Sandra Good on a road trip to the Sears store in San Fernando, California. Depending on which version of the tale you believe the purpose of the trip was to either buy supplies for the upcoming murders including rope and lime to dispose of bodies or to buy a few trinkets to make the ‘girls’ happy and boost morale.

1030 Celis Street
The Sears store was located at 1030 Celis Street in San Fernando. At about 4:00 p.m. Brunner and Good parked in
the parking lot to the left in the image and entered the store. After acquiring a few items they proceeded to check out at a cash register where a Ms. Ramirez was working. Brunner made the purchase using a stolen credit card in the name of Mary Vitasek and signed the receipt 'Mary Vitasek' thereby adding the crime of forgery the the list. 

Apparently, one of the two women (Ed Sanders claims it was Sandra Good) was acting a bit hinkey, which caused Ms. Ramirez to check the card number against the 'warning list'. In 1969 this was no small feat. Lists of stolen credit cards (once they were reported by someone) were sent to merchants either in the mail or via telex if the store had that technology. From what I was able to determine the cards were listed by number (in numerical order) first and then by name. The lists came out once a week, typically arriving on Tuesdays.

Brand Boulevard 1960's
As Ed Sanders points out in The Family, had Bruner and Good left the store after the first purchase, they likely would have gotten away scot free. They didn’t.

Instead, they proceeded to another section of the store to buy more items. Ms. Ramirez found the card number on the list and alerted the store manager who attempted to detain Brunner and Good. The two fled the store with the manager close behind. The duo dashed to their ‘getaway car’ and raced from the Sears parking lot.

The manager ran to his own car and immediately gave chase. It is probable that rather than turning left from the parking lot and crossing traffic Brunner, driving the getaway vehicle, turned right towards Brand Boulevard and there turned right again heading down Brand Boulevard towards the freeways. 

At some point, I believe it was at the corner of Brand Boulevard and Laurel Canyon Boulevard (left), Brunner cut through a gas station, maybe where that Shell station stands today (to the right). The manager, undeterred, continued the chase.

Imagine this chase for just a moment. The dastardly duo racing down Brand Boulevard in a  1952 Ford, Continental Bakery, Hostess Twinkie delivery van. The van presented Good and Brunner with a bit of a problem. It is hard to imagine exactly how they thought they were going to escape notice and elude their pursuit. Brunner wasn’t likely to blend into the traffic driving that white van with a big Hostess Twinkie sign on the side.

It must have been quite the sight to
Not a 1952 Continental Bakery
Hostess Twinkie delivery van
any bystander: The seventeen year old Hostess Twinkie delivery van racing past, down Brand Boulevard in broad daylight driven by two young women. A few seconds later a typical American sedan (the police were not initially involved) following in hot pursuit as the van cuts the corner at Brand and Laurel Canyon bouncing through a gas station located there and then careens out into Laurel Canyon Boulevard.

At some point it must have dawned on the two outlaws that escape in their '52 Ford was unlikely. It was at this point that Good decided to toss the evidence. Ed Sanders claims Sandra Good tossed the stolen credit cards out the window of the van (although another version of the story claims the cards were found on the floor of the van). Sandra Good's last gasp effort to avoid conviction (or at least it was an effort not to be in possession of the stolen cards when arrested) probably explains the delay between about 4:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m. that evening. Either that or the car accident or both. 

The San Diego Freeway 1960's
Approaching the San Diego Freeway (I-405) interchange in Chatsworth Brunner, Good and the white '52 Twinkie van careened out of control, likely taking a corner at say thirty-five miles per hour and crashed. Sanders claims that near the Chatsworth, San Diego Freeway interchange Brunner was involved in a fender bender. The chase was over. The authorities closed in and Brunner and Good were taken into custody together with a host of stolen credit cards and identification cards not belonging to either of the women. 

Initially, the pair were carted off to the hoosegow at the LAPD, West Valley Station in San Fernando. Since the West Valley Station did not have jail facilities much later they were transferred to Sybil Brand Institute for Women.

The Bail Money Motive


A 1952 Ford delivery van
The Sears Caper is the catalyst for a secondary motive: the need to raise $600 to get Brunner and Good out on bail.

Call it the Bail Money Motive.
_____

“There were three basic motives behind the murders that took place sometime past midnight on August 9. The most obvious was the one Charlie had articulated to us that afternoon: to do what blackie didn't have the energy or the smarts to do — ignite Helter Skelter and bring in Charlie's kingdom. There was also the need for more cash, first of all to finance our preparations for Armageddon — the same thing that had motivated the drug burn and Bernard Crowe's supposed murder, the killing of Gary Hinman, and all the proposed abductions and murders in the Chatsworth area — and also to pay $600 bail for Mary Brunner, who had been arrested earlier that day for using a stolen Sears' credit card. If she had not been in custody, Mary would most likely have been the one sent with us that night, instead of Linda, since Mary had the other valid driver's license in the Family and had already proven herself at Gary Hinman's. Beyond getting money and bringing down Helter Skelter, there was a third, less important purpose: to clear Bobby Beausoleil of the Hinman slaying by committing a similar crime while he was in jail.”
Another 1952 Ford delivery van
*****
“As we hurried away [from Cielo], I suddenly remembered that Charlie had told us to go on to other houses until we had $600.”

(Will You Die For Me. Charles Watson as told to Chaplain Ray Hoekstra. 1978)
_____

“According to Linda Kasabian, on the afternoon of August 8 Manson gave Mary Brunner and Sandra Good a credit card and told them to purchase some items for him. At four that afternoon the two girls were apprehended while driving away from a Sears store in San Fernando, after store employees checked and found the credit card was stolen.”

Another 1952 Ford (technically Mercury but
Ford made the same design)
 delivery van
(Bugliosi, Vincent. Helter Skelter: The True Story of the Manson Murders (25th Anniversary Edition) (p. 319). W. W. Norton & Company. Kindle Edition.)
_____

“By mid-afternoon [August 8th] the word came back that Brunner and Good had been arrested for trying to buy the supplies with a stolen credit card.”

(Atkins-Whitehouse, Susan. The Myth of Helter Skelter (Kindle Locations 1424-1426). Menelorelin Dorenay’s Publishing. Kindle Edition.)

[Aside: Atkins’ statement is clearly wrong. The pair were not arrested until after 4:00 p.m.]
_____

“During the month of August, the days in southern California last until nine-thirty or ten o’clock in the evening. By the time we finished our dinner, it was almost dark. Mary and Sandy were still not home.”
*****
“Shortly after ten o’clock the phone rang. It was Sandy. She and Mary had been arrested while shopping with the stolen credit cards. Squeaky took the call and relayed the bad news to me.”

(Emmons, Nuel. Manson in His Own Words (p. 198). Grove Atlantic. Kindle Edition.)
_____

For the motive to be real one of the two women has to call Spahn Ranch a little after 10:00 p.m. on August 8th to inform the Family about their predicament. By at least one account that call was placed by Sandra Good and was received by Lynette Fromme. 

[Aside: Kasabian is pegged by Ed Sanders as the person who received the call two days earlier from Bobby Beausoleil informing the clan that he had been picked up for the Gary Hinman murder. That call allegedly triggered the copycat planning sessions and led to the murders. In fact, Sanders claims that Kasabian discussed the copycat idea with Beausoliel when he called the ranch. But I believe it is highly unlikely that phone call occurred as described by Sanders.]

A call from Good (or Brunner) has to be received at the ranch in time for the group (and allegedly Manson) to act on it. 10:00 p.m. is important because the killers have to leave Spahn Ranch to get to 10050 Cielo Drive by about midnight. 

Kasabian testified that the trip to Cielo Drive took a half hour or an hour. A Google map search the day I wrote this paragraph at 10:00 p.m. says the trip from Spahn Ranch to Cielo Drive should take 54 minutes. So likely a half hour is way too short. And given Atkins’ testimony before the Grand Jury that Watson got lost it probably took longer than an hour. 
_____

“Q: Did Tex drive you directly to Terry Melcher's former residence?
A: We sort of got lost on the way. I think we took a wrong turn and ended up somewhere in Mulholland and we went directly there.”
_____

Kasabian at TLB:

“Q. How long after you left Spahn Ranch did it take you to get to this house?
A. I don't know. I have no idea of time. Maybe a half hour or an hour.
Q. A half hour or an hour?
A. Yes.”

At the Watson trial Kasabian was a little more specific:

Q: How long did it take you to get to the place from Spahn Ranch?
A: I don't know. Not too long, I guess, but I don't know the time.
Q: Could you give us any idea? Did it take five minutes, four hours, an hour, what?
A: Probably around an hour, I guess.
_____

But, of course figuring out exactly how long the drive actually lasted; when they left Spahn and when they arrived at Cielo Drive always suffers from Kasabian’s foggy memory regarding time. Maybe it is more fair to say she didn’t pay attention to time or have access to clocks so she didn’t know what time it was or how long something took.

[Oddly, at the Manson-Hinman/Shea trial Ella Jo Bailey didn't suffer from this time issue when she testified, identifying several 'times' and even saying dinner was at 6:00 p.m.]

Starting at the other end helps a bit. Rudolf Weber places them at his house at 1:00 a.m. Jerrold Friedman placed Parent’s phone call to him that night at 11:45 p.m. So, a pretty safe estimate has the killers arriving at Cielo Drive right about midnight plus or minus a few minutes. Some claim Parent's clock radio  frozen at 12:15 p.m. identifies the time he left the guest house. So that would place the killers' climbing the gate at about 12:20 a.m. after walking back up the hill. That puts them first arriving back around midnight. At least it is safe to say that the killers were not at Cielo at 11:45.

[Aside: Jerrold Friedman aka David Jerrold wrote The Trouble With Tribbles original Star Trek episode in 1967.]

That means they probably left Spahn sometime between 10:30 p.m. and 11:00 p.m. And that is why the phone call has to have been made, as the official narrative claims, shortly after but not too long after 10:00 p.m. By 11:00 p.m. no one is there to receive any instructions.

$600 Bail


The motive assumes there was a need for about $600 bail money. My first question was whether Brunner or Good would have known that evening that their bail was going to be about $600?

Judges are responsible for setting bail and it usually happens at the first court appearance. But because many people want to get out of jail immediately (instead of waiting for a day or longer to see a judge), most jails have standard bail schedules that specify bail amounts for common crimes. An arrested person can often get out of jail quickly by paying the amount set forth in the stationhouse bail schedule if their crime is on the schedule.  

Were forgery and burglary ‘common crimes’ in 1969 and thus on the posted schedule? I don’t know but they are on the LA Felony Bail Schedule, today. So I think Good and Brunner might have been able to figure out their bail. But, frankly, I don't think they did.

The Right to A Phone Call


My second question was did they even have a right to make a phone call?

There is a misconception shared by many people that you have a Constitutional right to make a phone call after your arrest. This likely finds its way into our collective understanding because of TV crime dramas. 

There is no Constitutional right to a phone call. Any such right is a creation of state law. In 1969 California had such a law and it provides some circumstantial evidence regarding what may have happened (or may not have happened) after Brunner and Good were arrested.

Here is the phone call statute (California Penal Code Section 851.5) circa 1969. It does not read the same today.
_____

" (a.) Any person arrested has, immediately after he is booked, and, except where physically impossible, no later than three hours after his arrest, the right to make, at his own expense, in the presence of a public officer or employee, at least two telephone calls from the police station or other place at which he is booked, one completed to the person called, who may be his attorney, employer, or a relative, the other completed to a bail bondsman. 

(b.) Any public officer or employee who deprives an arrested person of his rights granted by this section is guilty of a misdemeanor. 
_____

The first thing we learn from the statute is that Brunner and Good had the right to make two phone calls immediately after being ‘booked’ and no later than three hours after their arrest.

If the police refused to allow the calls the officer could face criminal (misdemeanor) charges.

If the call was placed at about 10:00 p.m. the call was not placed within three hours of arrest unless the arrest happened after 7:00 p.m. And while that could have been the time of the arrest (Sears closed at 9:00 p.m.) the official narrative says the events took place during the late afternoon, shortly after 4:00 p.m. So, it is likely that the ‘physically impossible’ clause in the statute came into play.

This delay may have been due to the accident or perhaps retrieving the tossed credit cards. It is not likely the cops would stop at a pay phone to allow the call.

Would Brunner or Good Make the Call?


This was my first real question when I started looking at this. I don’t think they would call because of that statute there.

During the Manson-Hinman/Shea trial Deputy John Stephen Sheehan (LASO) testified as an identification witness. His purpose at that trial was to identify Danny DeCarlo as the person who signed his booking slip with the name Richard Allen Smith after his Spahn Raid arrest. In the Hinman trial that name was important because Richard Allen Smith also was the individual who purchased the gun used in the Hinman crime. The goal was to connect the gun to Manson. 

During the course of his testimony Sheehan also may have shed some light on how the phone call process occurred in 1969. At the end of the booking process DeCarlo was offered his phone call and signed his booking slip either declining or requesting the calls. 
_____

Q (Manzella): Now did Mr. Smith or the person you also knew as Mr. DeCarlo, did he sign the document, People’s 74, the booking record in your presence?
A: Yes, he did.
Q: Did he sign it once or more than once on the document?
A: He signed it more than once.
*****
A: He signed it—he signed it up here for his phone call.
Q: You’re talking about in the upper right-hand portion, where it says “Prisoner phone call”?
A: That is correct.
Q: And where else did he sign it?
A: He signed it down in the portion below that, where it says “Prisoner’s complete signature.”
*****
Q: And did he sign it anywhere else on the form?

A: Yes, he did. He signed it down on the property portion of the booking slip in the lower left corner.
_____

I don’t know if the process was the same for LAPD but I think it is safe to say that it was at least very similar. Whether Brunner or Good requested their calls is unknown but we do know how it would have happened.

First, they would not be allowed to call anyone they wanted. Call #1 can be made to an attorney, a relative or an employer. Call #2 can be made to a bail bondsman.

For Brunner or Good to have made the call to Spahn they would have had to request the calls when offered at the end of the booking process but also would have had the have the presence of mind to claim that someone at Spahn was a relative. While it is common to refer to the group as The Family or The Manson Family today there were no actual relatives at Spahn. I’m not sure they would think to lie about that on the spot. If told they could call a relative, lawyer or employer they very well might have declined the calls.

But there is another reason I don’t think they would make the call.

Brunner and Good had the right to make the calls in the presence of a public officer or employee. In other words, a cop is listening when you make the calls.

You have no expectation of privacy during these calls as long as you have been warned someone may be listening. This is the case even if you object to them listening. The terms under which the calls could be made was likely explained when they signed the form. The signature is to verify the prisoner was told of his rights (and thus avoid a possible misdemeanor). I think it is safe to say the police were not likely to liberally construe the statute.

Do the police listen to these calls? Of course they do.
_____


"Here are some circumstances that I have experienced from inmate phone calls or visitations: In several instances inmates get wrapped up in their conversations and forget the call or visitation is being recorded. In others, inmates who are scared try reaching out to anyone they can and in their haste while trying to seek help say something meaningful. It might be an inmate asking someone for an alibi to cover their tracks or hide potential evidence, it could be an “apologetic” confession to a parent, relative or boyfriend/girlfriend, it could be an argument between an inmate and someone else where the inmate says something valuable in the heat of the moment or it could be some disparaging remarks about the police investigation. Whatever their motivation and despite the given warnings, I assure you inmates talk and as an investigator, if you are not taking advantage of this investigative resource, you really should!" 
*****
"Just as important as what an inmate says is who an inmate is calling or who might be visiting. Like cell phone records, when examining the incoming and outgoing phone numbers associated with a particular inmate, jail and visitation calls as well as visitation logs can help investigators link other people and locations to the inmate or a particular crime."

(Moe Greenberg. Inmate Communications: An Investigative Source. Detective's Notebook, January 31, 2012)
_____

Would Brunner or Good have called Spahn to discuss their arrest for being in possession of multiple stolen credit cards and IDs with a police officer hovering over them and listening?  I don't think so, especially given Manson's golden rule: keep your mouth shut.  


Who they called might give the police insight into possible accomplices in a ring of credit card thieves. If they don't make the call nothing else ties them directly to Spahn Ranch. Aside from stupidity, I can't imagine why Brunner and Good would call Spahn under the circumstances thereby creating the connection and giving the police the phone number and location of what were, indeed, accomplices.

[Aside: This is also where the Beausoleil call I mentioned above has problems. Would Beausoleil have discussed his arrest for the murder of Gary Hinman and a plan to get him off by copycat murders with a cop listening? Again, I don't think so. That doesn't mean the copycat motive isn't 'real' but it does mean the alleged Kasabian initiated conversation on the topic of copycat murders probably didn't happen.]

If the statute was enforced as it is written I don’t think Brunner or Good would make that call. I found nothing to suggest the police were not present, recording or eavesdropping when suspects made those calls. In fact, everything (including the words of the statute) suggests that the opposite is true.

Could Brunner or Good Make the Call?


Remember the call has to be made shortly after 10:00 p.m. and certainly no later than 11:00 p.m. for anyone to act on it or for the murderers to receive Manson's alleged instructions.

‘Booking’ refers to the process of entering the suspects name, the offense for which he is being held and the time of arrival at the station into the police log (originally a physical ‘book’). The suspect is then fingerprinted and photographed, told the reason for the arrest and then is allowed to make a phone call or two. Unless you are released on your own recognizance or quickly make bail you also get a fresh change of clothes and a bed for the evening. The process can take from one to three hours depending on how busy the police are that night.

To the right are mug shots of  Sandra Good and Mary Brunner (thanks to Cielodrive.com). I don't know if this shot of Good is from the Sears Caper and it's not much help anyway.

[Aside: notice Sandra Good is curiously wearing glasses, something allegedly forbidden by Manson’s
absolute control and domination over The Family. Now that's odd.]

Brunner’s mug shot is a different story. This is clearly from the Sears Caper. See the date there in the lower left corner "8-8-69". There is some other information there and here is what it tells us:

Brunner was charged with violating PC (California Penal Code section) 459 (burglary) and PC 470 (forgery). Burglary? Actually, entering a commercial establishment with the intent to commit theft or any felony is burglary.

"Will TT for court app."- who knows what that means. 'Transport' for court appearance? Telephone for a court appointed attorney? Who knows. 

Brunner arrived at the LAPD West Valley Station in San Fernando ["LAPD San Fern."] at 10:21 p.m. and she was booked into Sybil Brand Institute for Women ["SBI"] at 1:50 a.m.

If Brunner didn’t arrive at the West Valley Station until 10:21 p.m. on August 8, 1969 she would not have completed the booking process (and thus be available for her monitored phone calls) until after 11:21 p.m. (assuming it took an hour) and that’s too late.

There was no jail facility at West Valley, which is why Brunner (and Good) were transferred to Sybil Brand. 

If the form is correct they couldn’t make the call in time. Now, some may argue ‘but maybe Good was booked first’. The time indicated on that form is not the time they were technically ‘booked’ or finished being booked or when they started the process. It is the time they arrived at the police station and they would have arrived together.

Did Brunner or Good Make the Call? 


There are really only two people who know whether they made a phone call to Spahn Ranch at about 10:00 p.m. on August 8, 1969: Mary Brunner and Sandra Good.

Sandra Good denies she made the call. Not only does she deny it, the available evidence suggests she couldn’t and in my opinion wouldn't have made such a call.

George Stimson. E-mail. February 22, 2018 (Thank you, George and Sandy)

That leaves Mary Brunner. Brunner, to the best of my knowledge has never directly answered the
West Hills Hunt Club 1958.
L-R: Robert Kronkright, Mrs. Lloyd Hanna
Melba 
question. There are, however, two statements, one by Brunner, that may shed some light on what actually happened.

Brunner's statement.
_____

MR. STOVITZ: Did eh - anybody come up to see you in jail after you were arrest on August the 8th?
MS. BRUNNER: Yah, Lynn Fromme.
MR. STOVITZ: Lynn Fromme. Did they tell you that they were trying to get money from Melba Cronkite to get you out of jail?
MS. BRUNNER: Yah, I called Melba and asked for money to get me out of jail.
MR. STOVITZ: Was that the same day you were arrested?
MS. BRUNNER: No.
MR. STOVITZ: It was the day after?
MS. BRUNNER: It was some day when I was in court when I had access to a phone.
MR. STOVITZ: Did she say anything about Charlie had already asked for money and she told him, "no."
MS. BRUNNER: Oh, I remember it was the day that - not the day but when they got - when they pulled that GTA bust up at the ranch.
MR. STOVITZ: August 16th.
MS. BRUNNER: Okay, well, then and then what day was that?
MR. STOVITZ: August 16th.
MS. BRUNNER: Was that a Saturday?
MR. STOVITZ: I think it was a Friday. I think Friday.
MS. BRUNNER: Well anyway I saw the girls in the jail in the lock up there but they didn't lock up and then the next time we went to court after that, Monday or Tuesday after that and I didn't know what happened to them, you know - and all that and then I called Melba that day and asked if she (unintelligible) and bail me out. But Charlie was still in jail and she said she'd do it if she could and then later - eh I (unintelligible) she told me that Charlie said that he'd take care of it.
 _____

And then there is this from Stephanie Schram.

DEPUTY PALMER: How about Dennis Wilson?
STEPHANIE SCHRAM: Yeah, I, yeah. Not well, he probably wouldn't, you know. We were over there a couple of times.
DEPUTY GLEASON: Was Dennis ever up at the desert?
STEPHANIE SCHRAM: Uh-huh.
DEPUTY GLEASON: Just at the Spahn Ranch?
STEPHANIE SCHRAM: I never even saw him there but I was only there for awhile. He'd probably been there before though.
DEPUTY GLEASON: Did you ever go to Dennis' house? Who else was at Dennis' house?
STEPHANIE SCHRAM: Just me and Charlie went there.
DEPUTY GLEASON: Do you recall when that was?
STEPHANIE SCHRAM: Um, yeah, I think I could put it together. It was about a week after those two girls got picked up because he wanted some money to get them out of jail.
DEPUTY GLEASON: If was just before the raid then?
STEPHANIE SCHRAM: Yeah.
DEPUTY GLEASON: Just before the Spahn Ranch raid?
STEPHANIE SCHRAM: No just after, I think, because I was staying at the ranch not down in the canyon.
DEPUTY GLEASON: Did Charlie think that Dennis would give him money?
STEPHANIE SCHRAM: Well, I guess he did a record a long time ago and he wanted to see if there were any royalties left on it or something; but he no, he didn't give him any.
DEPUTY GLEASON: But Dennis was home though?

STEPHANIE SCHRAM: Uh, huh.
______
Statement of MARY BRUNNER April 6, 1970 and statement of Stephanie Schram, December 4, 1969.

Thanks to Cielodrive.com.
_____

Brunner mentions calling Melba Kronkright for bail money, not the people at Spahn, after being in court on some undisclosed date. She also mentions Fromme coming to visit her, which at least suggests that by the time of that visit the people at Spahn knew where she was. But it is difficult to tell from this small amount of information which came first: the phone call to Kronkright or the visit from Fromme because Brunner contradicts Stovitz' understanding of the events while at the same time saying 'Yah' in response to his statement.

As I read Brunner's statement it sounds to me like Brunner did not know how much her bail was going to be until she appeared in court court that day (which is not unusual, judges set bail). Otherwise, why didn't she call Kronkright directly and earlier. Of course, if I am interpreting this correctly that means Brunner did not know the bail amount on the night of August 8th and could not communicate the $600 figure to Spahn.

But why Brunner didn't call Kronkright earlier may also be revealed in the same passage from her interview: "It was some day when I was in court when I had access to a phone."

As I read her response it seems that Brunner did not have access to a phone until this later date.

Sybil Brand Institute for Women
Then there is Stephanie Schram. She states that Manson went to Dennis Wilson's home about a week after "those two girls got picked up" to get money to bail them out of jail. Deputy Gleason narrows the timeframe to just after the Spahn Raid. One has to ask why Manson would be seeking bail money from Wilson if part of the murder plan was to raise $600? We know, of course they didn't collect $600 those two nights so it could be argued because the plan was unsuccessful and Manson was looking for some other source. That is possible but why engage in the mayhem of those two nights before exhausting other avenues. Avenues that were then followed: Kronkright and Wilson. 

Both Schram and Brunner relate the effort to raise bail to events around the Spahn Raid and Brunner seems to be suggesting the first time she could communicate her predicament to the Family was when she saw them in jail after the raid. That also seems to be when Manson actively went after bail money. And to me that seems to imply no one knew where Brunner was or how much the bail was until they ran into each other (Family and Brunner) in jail.

Brunner: "Well anyway I saw the girls in the jail in the lock up there but they didn't lock up and then the next time we went to court after that, Monday or Tuesday after that and I didn't know what happened to them, you know - and all that and then I called Melba that day and asked if she (unintelligible) and bail me out. But Charlie was still in jail and she said she'd do it if she could and then later - eh I (unintelligible) she told me that Charlie said that he'd take care of it."

Schram: "No [going to Wilson's after bail money was] just after [the Spahn raid], I think, because I was staying at the ranch not down in the canyon.

In both instances (the Brunner call to Kronkright and the Wilson visit) the timeframe is after the murders and after the Spahn Ranch raid. It strikes me as odd that this would be a fall back plan. Instead it seems to have been the plan all along.
From the Spahn Raid Police Report

We also know, however, that either Schram's timeframe (after the Spahn Raid) or her recollection (the
two girls in jail) is not accurate. Sandra Good was picked up in that raid so she was clearly out of jail by August 16th. That may explain precisely what happened. Good may have been released on her own recognizance when the pair appeared in court on August 12th. Remember, they had little evidence against Good. She didn't use the stolen card. Her return to Spahn before the raid could have provided the information regarding Brunner's whereabouts and the need for bail. That too would have happened after the murders. 

[Aside: there is something else that is interesting about Brunner's short exchange with Stovitz. The official narrative claims, on August 12, 1969 Kasabian, not Fromme, attempted unsuccessfully to see Brunner and Good in jail. Here is what Bugliosi says about that.


“Early the next morning (August 12) Manson sought her out. She was to put on a “straight” dress, then take a message to Mary Brunner and Sandra Good at Sybil Brand, as well as Bobby Beausoleil at the County Jail. The message: “Say nothing; everything’s all right.” After borrowing a car from Dave Hannum, a new ranch hand at Spahn, Linda went to Sybil Brand, but learned that Brunner and Good were in court; at the County Jail her identification was rejected and she wasn’t allowed to see Beausoleil. When she returned to the ranch and told Manson she had been unsuccessful, he told her to try again the next day.

*****
Ranch hand David Hannum said he had begun work at Spahn on August 12, and that Linda had borrowed his car that same day, as well as the next. And a check of the jail records verified that Brunner and Good had been in court on August 12.”

(Bugliosi, Vincent. Helter Skelter: The True Story of the Manson Murders (25th Anniversary Edition) (p. 332 and 334). W. W. Norton & Company. Kindle Edition.)

Is Bugliosi referring to the same court appearance as Brunner or a different court appearance? I don't know but if it is the same one there is something wrong with the story offered by Kasabian.

If Brunner was in court on the 12th (likely for her arraignment) it was Fromme, not Kasabian, who went to visit Brunner and Fromme was successful. Now, it could be that the Fromme visit was sometime after the 12th.]

I don’t believe a call was ever made by Mary Brunner or Sandra Good to Spahn Ranch on the night of August 8th shortly after 10:00 p.m. Memories fade over time but the logistics of the call just don’t seem to line up and the person identified as making the call says she didn’t make the call.

The idea of murdering five (or seven) people for $600 seems ridiculous given the less violent efforts made after the murders. I have to agree with Bugliosi on this one:
_____

“As an alternative motive, Aaron suggested that maybe Manson was trying to get enough money to bail out Mary Brunner, the mother of his child, who had been arrested on the afternoon of August 8 for using a stolen credit card. Again I played the Devil’s advocate. Seven murders, five one night, two the next; 169 separate stab wounds; words written in the victims’ own blood; a knife stuck in the throat of one victim, a fork in his stomach, the word WAR carved on his stomach—all this to raise $625 bail?”

Bugliosi, Vincent. Helter Skelter: The True Story of the Manson Murders (25th Anniversary Edition) (p. 268). W. W. Norton & Company. Kindle Edition.
_____

Pax Vobiscum

Dreath








Monday, March 5, 2018

Ron Hughes: A Look Back at a Remarkable Man

Ronald William Hughes was born on March 16 1935 to John and Anita Hughes in Los Angeles. He spent most of his youth in New York City and was a graduate of Queens College.

Hughes served in the United States Army during the Korean conflict. He later graduated from UCLA Law School, passing the California Bar exam on attempt number four.

The portly and red-bearded Hughes was quirky sort of guy. He slept on a mattress on the floor of a friend's garage, his bar certificate hanging on the wall beside it. He often came to court in mismatched clothes with noticeable food stains. Known as the "hippy lawyer", he was selected from the public defender's office to defend Charles Manson (later he was replaced by Irving Kanarek and Hughes represented Leslie Van Houten) even though he had never tried a case. He had had some interaction with Manson from visiting him in the county jail, which may have played a part in his selection.

Trial Halloween party one month before Hughes' disappearance
During the trial Hughes would draw Manson's wrath (and Bugliosi's admiration) by questioning witnesses (especially Linda Kasabian) in a manner that portrayed Van Houten as being under Manson's control, rather than letting her take the fall for him as a free-willed murderer. For this reason Hughes refused to let her testify.

In Helter Skelter, Bugliosi said of Hughes:
Since Leslie Van Houten was not charged with the five Tate murders, Hughes did not question any of these witnesses. He did, however, make an interesting motion. He asked that he and his client be permitted to absent themselves from the courtroom while those murders were discussed. Though the motion was denied, his attempt to separate his client from these events ran directly counter to Manson's collective defense, and I wondered how Charlie was reacting to it.
and:
Hughes' cross (of Sergeant Harold Dolan) was brief and to the point. Had the witness compared a fingerprint exemplar of Leslie Van Houten with the latents found at the Labianca residence? Yes. And none of those prints matched the prints of Leslie Van Houten, is that correct? Yes sir. No further questions.
Hughes was learning fast.
and:
"The most effective cross-examination of Linda Kasabian was surprisingly that of Ronald Hughes. Though it was his first trial, and he frequently made procedural mistakes, Hughes was familiar with the hippie subculture, having been a part of it. He knew about drugs, misticism, karma, auras, vibrations, and when he questioned Linda about these things, he made her look just a little odd, just a wee bit zingy. He had her admitting that she believed in ESP, that there were times at Spahn when she actually felt she was a witch."
and later:
Hughes asked Linda so many questions about drugs that, had an unknowing spectator walked into court, he would have assumed Linda was on trial for possession.
So zealous and competent was Hughes that allegedly the last thing Manson said to Hughes was, "I don’t want to see you in the courtroom again".

He didn't.

Court went into a 10 day recess for Thanksgiving shortly after Hughes and the other defense attorneys shocked the court by announcing that they would not present a defense, sparking dramatic outbursts from Van Houten, Krenwinkel & Atkins that they committed the murders of their own free will with Manson having nothing to do with them.
"I refuse to take part in any proceeding where I am forced to push a client out the window"  
- Ron Hughes (explaining why he would not let Leslie Van Houten testify)
Hughes elected to go on a camping trip for the last weekend of the recess with two friends. The two friends were James Forsher and Lauren Elder, both aged 17. The trip coincided with a bad storm, one of the worst to hit southern California in 1970. The next day, November 28, the young couple reportedly decided to go back to LA while Hughes decided to stay and work on his trial summation. Elder's bus however became stuck in mud about a mile and a half from the hot springs. They decided to hike out of the park and hitchhike back to LA.

Work on his summation... in a fearsome rainstorm?

The Sespe Hot Springs area of Los Padres National Forest is approximately 130 miles away from LA. It's not unheard of, but it strikes me as very odd that he elected to stay in the remote area knowing he would have no ride back to Los Angeles and had to be in court Monday. Plus, at 250 pounds the guy wasn't exactly the model of fitness. 2018 hiking trail guidelines show the shortest trail to be the Alder Creek Trail - length 7.5 miles one way. I don't care what kind of shape someone is in, that's a long hike.

Two campers reported to authorities on November 25 that they had seen a body floating in the large pool at Sespe Hot Springs. They said that they had seen the victim swimming there earlier. The following day the body was removed by the Ventura County Coroner's office, but the intense heat had caused it to deteriorate so badly that it took several days to establish it's identity. It was eventually identified as that of Charles W. Guerin, an escaped convict from Soledad State Prison.

Although there were no phones in the entire area, someone claiming to be Hughes called Paul Fitzgerald's office at 1:33pm on Monday, November 30 to report that he and others were stranded in harsh weather at Sespe Hot Springs. The Telephone operator who took the call for Fitzgerald said that she could not be certain that the voice was Hughes'. She said the caller sounded much younger.

Could James Forsher have been the young sounding voice? It was plausible to think that the two young people killed their older acquaintance in a robbery attempt in the remote hot springs. However, the day after they said they left, Hughes was seen walking toward Elder's bus by three campers. Larry Anthony Bell, David Shroyer and Anthony Giffen, all 18, had a brief conversation with him. The three campers all took polygraphs and passed. Forsher and Elder were not considered suspects since they left the area a day before his encounter with the campers.

Ventura County began evacuating Sespe and began a helicopter search. Fourteen people were evacuated by air and another 10 persons hiked out. Perhaps a half dozen elected to stay behind. None of these people had seen Hughes.

In another strange development, a newsman who checked Hughes' garage apartment found a note to Hughes signed by a "Larry Dyer", whom Hughes had previously asked to accompany him to Sespe. He declined because his wife was pregnant. It read in part:
"I told the court you were stuck at Sespe. And according to the CHP (CA Highway Patrol) you're to be there two or three days at least. I also called Fitzgerald and let them know."
Larry Dyer
Dyer denied saying he was Hughes in the call to Fitzgerald's office. He passed away in 1995, so could not be reached for comment.

In Hughes' absence Maxwell Keith was appointed to represent Van Houten. He indicated that he would review the transcripts and tentatively indicated he could be ready to go by December 16. Paul Fitzgerald said the defense opposed any further delay and suggested that Van Houten's case be severed.

Meanwhile the search for Hughes continued by search teams from Ojai, Fillmore and Oxnard-Camarillo.

On March 22, 1971 based on an anonymous tip, authorities began a search of Barker Ranch. The caller told LASO deputies that Hughes was buried on the ranch. The search yielded nothing.

On Saturday March 28, in Sespe Creek at a steep-walled channel known as The Narrows, remains later identified as those of Ronald William Hughes were found by trout fishermen Don Chessman, 49, and John Wells, 47, wedged between two large boulders. The spot is over seven miles from where Hughes was last seen. The fishermen did not report what they had found until the next day because "we did not want to spoil our trip."

Deputy Coroner Merle Peters said the cold water of Sespe Creek had "done a remarkable job of preserving the body." Peters said there were no outward signs of foul play. However, he said, the head had been battered, apparently when the body washed down the rocky creek bed. The body was unclothed except for the fringe of a shirt that was around the neck. Contrary to the reports of the fishermen, the right arm was not missing. The angular positioning of the corpse likely misled them.

Paul Fitzgerald identified the body saying, "Hughes had a strange shaped head, sort of a majestic configuration, and the head is the same. Some of the beard is still there." Dental records supplied by a Beverly Hills dentist later confirmed Fitzgerald's ID.

The Ventura County sergeant who investigated Hughes’ case did not see any noticeable signs of foul play on his body and believed his death was accidental. From a 2012 NY Times article:
...Charlie Rudd, an 83-year-old retired Ventura County sheriff's sergeant, said Hughes' death probably had nothing to do with Manson. 
When Hughes disappeared, Rudd was assigned the investigation. The Ventura County Sheriff's Department heard a rumor that Hughes had been taken to the Barker Ranch, but no evidence was found there. 
Hughes' body was found near Sespe Hot Springs in the Los Padres National Forest, and Rudd said there was little evidence of foul play. 
Rudd believes Hughes had gone camping and got caught in a powerful rainstorm that nearly stranded other people. The creek swelled dangerously and Hughes died either because he drowned or because he was battered to death by debris and rocks, Rudd says.
"He was hit by some debris or lost consciousness and drowned and drifted down the river quite a ways," Rudd said. "There was nothing else to indicate otherwise and the medical examiner couldn't come to a conclusion of anything other than that." 
Three years before Hughes disappeared, Rudd met Manson after he had been arrested in Ventura County on a minor offense. It was there that Manson appeared in possibly his most iconic mug shot, his eyes as wild as his hair. Rudd, a court officer at the time, said he chatted amiably with Manson about his "harem" of women and his way of life. There was little hint of a Pied Piper who would lead his followers to murder. 
As time has passed, Rudd said he's not surprised that many still believe the Manson family's ledger of victims was longer. 
"Those people were capable of a lot of things," he said.
Interview with Sergeant Charlie Rudd:


Although Bugliosi states in Helter Skelter that Sandra Good bragged that Hughes' death was the first of the Family's "retaliation murders", there is no evidence that his demise was anything other than a tragic accident. Given that there was at least one more victim of the flooding (the convict, Guerin), this seems the most plausible explanation.


In speaking about the Merrick/Hendrickson documentary he states:
Off-camera, and unrecorded, Sandy made a number of of other admissions to Merrick. She told him, in the presence of one other witness, that to date the Family had killed "thirty-five to forty people". And that "Hughes was the first of the retaliation murders."
In the aftermath Bugliosi speculated that James Forsher and Lauren Elder might possibly have been James and Lauren Willett. The Willetts were murdered in Stockton in November of 1972 by a group that included some former Manson Family members because as the theory went, they knew too much about the murder of Ron Hughes. Forsher reappeared in 1979 and unsuccessfully sued Bugliosi for libel and invasion of privacy. Elder was not part of the suit.

According to this 2012 post by Panamint Patty ("dedicated" to the oft-missed Farflung) a different Lauren Elder was involved in a very newsworthy plane crash:
Apparently this Lauren Elder was flying in a light aircraft in 1976 which had crashed in the high mountains resulting in the death of the pilot and other passenger.  This Lauren manages to stumble, fall and crawl from the crash site and arrive in Independence, CA and rescue.  But that rescue was delayed because people refused to help her, out of fears that she was part of the Manson Family (insert that weird, sci-fi Theremin sound).

Thirty-six people attended Ron Hughes' funeral including his parents and sister. He was eulogized by Paul Fitzgerald who said Ron would be remembered "for what he wasn't, rather than for what he was. He wasn't materialistic. He wasn't vain. He wasn't punctual."

He is interred at Westwood Memorial Park in Los Angeles.


His marker displays the date his remains were recovered by authorities rather than the day he went missing or when the trout fishermen first discovered him the day before. The four Manson Family defendants had been found guilty in January and in an ironic twist, received death sentences on the exact same day Hughes' body was removed from Sespe Creek by the Ventura coroner's office.

In Ventura County, the Ronald William Hughes case file remains open.


Friday, March 2, 2018

Hey, Brad and Leo: This Tarantino Movie on Sharon Tate’s Murder Is a Terrible Idea


Pitt and DiCaprio have reportedly signed on to Tarantino’s upcoming Manson Family murders film—after he defended Roman Polanski and was accused of endangering his leading lady.
Amy Zimmerman The Daily Beast

Two of Hollywood's biggest stars are now officially on board for one of its worst-sounding, most ill-fated projects: Quentin Tarantino's take on the Manson Family's murder of Sharon Tate, which will reportedly also focus on Roman Polanski.

Once Upon a Time in Hollywood, which is slated to be released on August 9, 2019, the 50th anniversary of Tate's killing, is the director's ode to 1969 L.A. But it's coming on the cusp of a new era—one in which a movie like this one would never get made or, at the very least, wouldn't be fueled by the star power of a melancholy, middle-aged heartthrob and a former Pussy Posse ringleader. On Thursday, it was announced that Brad Pitt and Leonardo DiCaprio would be joining forces for the upcoming Tarantino flick, starring as a pair of struggling actors who just happen to live next door to Tate (rumored to be played by Margot Robbie).

Tarantino says that he's been working on the script for five years, and it sounds like a project that would have gone over really well in 2013. Back then, a director who managed to narrowly secure some feminist credentials on the strength of his female leads' performances wouldn't elicit such side-eye with his plans to filter Sharon Tate's brutal murder through the experiences of two random dudes. Five years ago, Tarantino fans could gush over his films more or less unaware of the allegedly poor treatment he's inflicted on his heroines—women who he's reportedly bitten, choked, and put in life-threatening positions, all for the sake of a shot or a scene.

"Look…she was down with this."
— Quentin Tarantino on Polanski's 13-Year-Old Victim


But unfortunately for Pitt and DiCaprio, who either aren't paying attention or are just too untouchable to care, #MeToo has turned this project almost laughably toxic.

Last month, a recording of Tarantino defending Roman Polanski to Howard Stern started making the internet rounds. In the vile 2003 interview, Tarantino insisted that Polanski "didn't rape a 13-year-old," continuing, "It was statutory rape... he had sex with a minor. That's not rape. To me, when you use the word rape, you're talking about violent, throwing them down—it's like one of the most violent crimes in the world. You can't throw the word ‘rape' around. It's like throwing the word ‘racist' around. It doesn't apply to everything people use it for."

The director posited that, "She wanted to have it and dated the guy." While Stern pushed back, recalling that Polanski allegedly gave his 13-year-old victim "booze and pills" before the assault, Tarantino countered, "Look…she was down with this."


While this audio has existed since 2003, a newfound interest in holding powerful men accountable has unearthed new pieces of the Tarantino puzzle. Tarantino is just one of many A-listers who have gone out of their way to stand up for Polanski, who has been accused of sexually assaulting multiple teenagers—a reminder of the boys-club-without-consequences culture that we're trying so hard to move away from. In a 2009 op-ed in The Independent, Harvey Weinstein launched a full-throated defense of the director, and recalled bringing Tarantino with him to "to a very private screening of the documentary Roman Polanski: Wanted and Desired, which shows some of the legal irregularities of his case." The Weinstein Company ended up buying the international distributing rights to that documentary.

It's unfortunately not shocking that Tarantino, a longtime Weinstein Company collaborator who admitted to knowing "enough to do more than I did" about the ousted producer's alleged serial sexual harassment and assault, publicly defended a convicted child rapist. Complicity isn't the same thing as being a perpetrator, but it does create an environment in which abuses of power can continue unabated. A man who continues to work with someone who attacked both his ex-girlfriend and his female co-worker, as Tarantino did in the case of Weinstein, Mira Sorvino and Uma Thurman, is an important cog in a vile system. A man who will publicly protect another male auteur by insisting that his 13-year-old victim "was down" shouldn't be trusted to direct the killing and torturing of women onscreen, even under the guise of female empowerment.


Of course, because the world is a dark place and meaningful change is always just out of reach, Quentin Tarantino, the "feminist" male director who said that statutory rape isn't real rape, is making good on his long-awaited Manson Family murders movie—a story about horrific violence against men and women which, inexplicably and enragingly, will reportedly feature Roman Polanski in a "key role." Will Tarantino be smart enough to cut Polanski out, given the recent controversy? Or is he betting that, since the past few months haven't limited his star power/ability to do whatever the hell he wants, nothing will?

If an actress like Margot Robbie still wants to work with Quentin Tarantino, with full cognizance of the ways in which he has injured and failed to protect his female stars in the past, that's ultimately her call. What's more disturbing is the A-list men who are choosing to hitch their wagons to Tarantino's star, under the unstated assumption that the director's time is not—and will never be—up. Presumably unafraid on a personal level of Tarantino pressuring them into a stunt or failing to protect them from a rapist producer, Pitt and DiCaprio's decision ultimately would have come down to whether the bad look of working with a complicit, borderline abusive dude in at the age of #MeToo outweighed the opportunity.

Apparently, the chance to play a washed-up actor who lives next to Sharon Tate was too good to pass up—more evidence, as if we needed it, that male stars will be "allies" only to the extent that they feel they have to. Brad Pitt and Leonardo DiCaprio don't need an ex-Weinstein Company Tarantino/Tate/Polanski movie paycheck, but they just couldn't be bothered to turn it down. If a ridiculously #MeToo-unfriendly project boasting Leo and Brad indicates one thing, it's a return to business as usual.


Thank you, MamaPoohBear16